Investigators and fire personnel can be seen in front of the burned out shell. Judge Darigan asked Biechele if he wanted to say anything before the court passed sentence. Cookie Notice A tragic nightclub event Built in 1946, the wooden Station nightclub was grandfathered into an exception for laws requiring ceiling fire sprinklers. The former salesman for the company where the Derderians bought the deadly insulating foam says the fire destroyed his life: Barry Warner a foam salesman and neighbor of The Station nightclub suggested to the Derderians that they look into spray foam as an option to muffle the noise of the club. Copyright 2023 But as he watched on television in 2021 theformer club owners,brothers Jeffrey and Michael Derderian,on their whitewash tour of the truthgo unchallenged by the reporter and producers of "48 Hours," he felt that agitation rising up in him again. The fire department are on the scene, but the fire is blazing so strongly that there is little that they can do for those still trapped. 13:01. On February 17, 2003 someone discharged pepper spray to break up a fistfight in a Chicago nightclub. Biechele and Michael Derderian were sentenced to four years in prison, though each was let out early. Inside, an Engine 2 member with a Warwick EMS officer coordinated triaging victims separating and tagging them "green" and "yellow" for treatment. Another stated that only four hospitalized victims expired, which was attributable to the airway-management skills of the EMTs and emergency physicians. By 2330, three handlines and master streams from Engines 2 and 4 were in service on side A. This Day in History: Station Nightclub Fire in Rhode Island (Sunday, February 20) 5:32. The Station fire changed how we view fire safety. He directed FA to have Engine 3 lay-in, have Engine 1 come straight in, start calling back off-duty members and specifically requested 12 additional rescues. Biechele was released from prison on March 19, 2008 after serving less than half his four-year sentence. Warner, who worked for American Foam, suggested they use polyurethane foam for sound insulation.. Due to the large number of deceased, teams made multiple recoveries. On Feb. 20, 2003, the nation's fourth-deadliest nightclub fire occurred in the Town of West Warwick, RI, killing 100 people and injuring nearly 300. Station Fire Memorial Foundation rejects donation from Great White singer: Out of the ashes of the Station fire, tougher building codes arose. Some were lying on the ground, inside vehicles, in pickup truck beds and seeking relief from burns in snow banks. CNN reported, A statement released by brothers Michael and Jeffrey Derderian [co-owners of the Station nightclub] read: At no time did either owner have prior knowledge that pyrotechnics were going to be used by the band Great White., Dominic Santana, owner of the New Jersey nightclub Stone Pony, claimed Great White had used pyrotechnics during a show at his nightclub without permission. Does your department have a "prevention first" mindset? Require NFPA 13 sprinkler systems installed in all nightclubs, regardless of size, including existing with an occupant load >100. 0:57. The fire was started by pyrotechnics going off on the stage while the band Great. Cranston Engine 4 rerouted to the scene, laying a four-inch supply line for the tower's elevated master stream. But has prevention actually improved? interacts online and researches product purchases 0:37. The one-story building burned to the ground in about three minutes. : r/lastimages by ResEvl Doomed fans stuck in the doorway of The Station nightclub fire in West Warwick, RI. The Station fire was ignited by the illegal use of pyrotechnics and worsened by the available fuel load, building layout, construction and occupant load during the event. The fire was started by pyrotechnics going off on the stage while the. His camera caught excited, beer drinking, smiling heavy-metal fans. Victims were evaluated and transported from there until triage was consolidated at the CIR. Engine 3 was blocked by traffic and Engine 2 laid dual 300-foot supply lines from a hydrant on Cowesett Road, pulling in close to Engine 4. WEST WARWICK, R.I. . Lead singer Jack Russell said, Wow . On December 4, 2003 a grand jury voted 200 indictments against Biechele and both Derderians. Firefighter and RI state Rep. talks trauma, The Derderians are on a 'white-wash tour' in 2021 about The Station fire, says father who lost son, The former salesman for the company where the Derderians bought the deadly insulating foam says the fire destroyed his life. The sum total of all settlements was slightly over $176 million. The noxious smell triggered panic. Four engines and one tower ladder operating three deck guns, one ladder pipe and numerous 1-inch handlines were used in suppression operations. 3:21. Station fire: He lost his brother but didnt blame the Derderians: The Derderian brothers became pariahs after the fire, ostracized and blamed for the tragedy. Trials were averted through plea bargains and monetary settlements, though neither brother paid a penny of his own money toward the $176 million that went to the victims and their families. One hundred . It took less than 5 minutes for fire to engulf The Station nightclub, packed with concertgoers, on Feb. 20, 2003. Im so sorry.. The Getty Images design is a trademark of Getty Images. Warwick supplied the rapid intervention team. On February 20th, at 11:07 p.m. Quiet, emotional end for Station fire remnants: The more than 700 pieces of evidence, trucked from the Cranston warehouse where they had been held in evidence storage, were destroyed. The Derderians assured Warner of their hope that he would not be disturbed. Command called for an accountability roll call. The West Warwick, RI, Station nightclub fire - one of the deadliest in US history - kills 100 people and injures 230 when a dangerous pyrotechnics display ignites sound insulation on the walls and ceilings and the blaze spreads with terrifying speed. Most quote the NIST and DHS reports. Visiting the site of the 2003 Station Fire in Warwick, Rhode Island. Property owner Ray Villanova formally donated it to the Station Fire Memorial Foundation on September 28, 2012. Jeffs community service was appropriate. 100 people perished. As resources arrived, an Engine 3 member with a Cranston EMS officer conducted primary triage outside the CIR tagging "red" critically injured for transport on the next-available rescue and moving less seriously injured people inside for further assessment. In urban areas, high turnover means that fire marshals rarely stick around long enough to learn all the nuances of the code. Hundreds of people filled the parking lot and streets; half were injured, many seriously. The clubs bathrooms, where dozens of people were trapped as the nightmare unfolded, sustained severe damage and photos taken inside one of them show blood-streaked toilets and sinks. Survivors, families, friends, firefighters, doctors and nurses were left to carry the physical and emotional scars of that night. Within. 35 seconds: The . Station fire, 15 years later: Survivors tell their stories: While many say they will never get over it, they have found a way to get along with it. Select the option or tab named Internet Options (Internet Explorer), Options (Firefox), Preferences (Safari) or Settings (Chrome). The Station fire changed how we view fire safety. Station nightclub fire scene, viewed from above. Some communications between RCCs and agencies were made by landline. The night of the fire, hundreds of people gathered at The Station to see Great White, an 80s band now with some new members lead by singer Jack Russell and known mainly for their hit "Once. By this time, the clubs occupants had begun moving toward the exits. But not by Jody King. Less than two minutes after the first flames appeared, heavy black smoke could be seen pumping from the main entrance over the jammed doorway. On the evening of Feb. 20, 2003, a crowd estimated at 440-458 occupants packed into the 4,484-square-foot, single-story wood-framed building for that nights show. The noxious smell triggered panic. WFD Engine 9 assisted moving scores of victims in the streets. They behaved without flexibility despite the emergency. We also understand that lives would have been saved if the building had been protected by an automatic fire sprinkler system. As operations slowed, a sweep ordered of the fireground and surrounding areas found additional injured victims. One hundred . Crime Scene Photos & Video The files below are the crime scene photos and video taken by the police during the Meredith Kercher murder investigation at Via della Pergola 7 where Amanda Knox and Meredith lived for 6 weeks and at the apartment of Raffaele Sollecito at Corso Garibaldi 110. And conditions were rapidly deteriorating. He said, We do not allow pyrotechnics and it got us by surprise.. While responding, Warwick Fire Department (WFD) Battalion 1 directed his FA to start commercial ambulances and send the WFD recruit bus. Barylick points to several instances shortly before the fire in which clubs withheld permission for pyrotechnics and Great White did not use it. Eighty-six causes of death were from the "inhalation of products of combustion and a super-heated oxygen-deficient atmosphere" (inhalation). Jeff told the audience that polyurethane foam is called solid gasoline by fire experts. Officials stand by the front entrance of the club. From the air the burned remains of the Station nightclub where over 59 people died in a late night fire on Thursday, Feb. 20, 2003 in West Warwick, R.I., is seen, Friday, Feb. 21, 2003. The Station fire:A Timeline of the tragedy, More:Should PTSD qualify for injured-on-duty status? Many will not discuss the incident; some still receive medical care. The crew observed fire already through the roof and also was confronted by injured victims seeking medical assistance. The building was not protected with a sprinkler system, partly due to a grandfathered clause relating to the adopted codes at the time of construction or other triggers such as major alterations or change in occupancy. Chief 1 assigned two safety officers, one each from Warwick and West Warwick. An in-depth look at the initial fire and EMS response and recovery operations for the Station Night Club fire in West Warwick, RI. Radio transmissions show West Warwick's Special Hazards, Rescue 2, Reserve Rescue 3, and Reserve Engines 5 and 7 responded. Millions of high-quality images, video, and music options await you. This story has been shared 133,169 times. 2023 Getty Images. An officer with three firefighters (or firefighters from surrounding departments who volunteered) worked in teams with the medical examiner, state fire marshal and law enforcement. Success is found in the comprehensive collaboration among all administrative agencies, communities and business partners. The fire started at the West Warwick club when a manager for the band Great White set off pyrotechnics for the band's show. Adopt building and fire codes, implement aggressive and adequate fire inspections and enforcement, and maintain appropriately qualified and trained staffing levels to perform these duties. Within seconds of the band taking the stage, what began as a raucous good time, became a terrifying scene. Two hundred fifteen people were injured. Im so sorry for what Ive done and I dont want to cause anyone any more pain. A Warwick Police report logged its first officer arriving at 2314 and being approached by severely burned survivors. When others turned away from the Derderians, King remained. Copyright 2023 This author could not access the 2003 plan components nor verify its effectiveness. The blaze at the Station would become the fourth-worst nightclub fire in U.S. history, the eighth-worst fire in America in nearly 85 years. The devastation wrought by the defendant in unparalleled is our states history, White asserted. Updated: Feb 20, 2023 / 06:13 PM EST. BOSTON (CBS) - The 2003 fire at The Station nightclub in West Warwick, Rhode Island was one of the deadliest in U.S. history. Although many factors were involved in the loss of so many lives that day, the installation of a properly functioning sprinkler system would have positively impacted the outcome. A terrible tragedy occurred on 20 February 2003 at the Station Nightclub in West Warwick, Rhode Island. All rights reserved. CA Firefighters Can't Reach Gas-Fed Fires in Snowbound San Bernardino Mountains, Battery Fire in Overhead Compartment Forces Flight to Land, Judge: Three ME Teens 'Not Competent' to Stand Trial in Fatal Fire, International Association of Arson Investigators, The International Association of Arson Investigators Expands Online and App Program, Part one was published in the November 2010 issue, International Association of Arson Investigators - IAAI. A toxic smoke layer filled the space as the occupants attempted to exit. Thursday night's fire, which killed at least 54 people, resulted from a pyrotechnics display during the first song of Great White's set. (WJAR) Sunday marks 19 years since a fire tore through The. Within 90 minutes, about 200 injured were triaged and transported, mostly by fire department rescues and commercial ambulances; the balance in commercial and fire department buses and private vehicles. WILLIAM F. ADAMS is a past chief of the East Rochester, NY, Fire Department and a former fire apparatus sales representative. Firefighters continue to work at the smoldering scene of a deadly fire at The Station nightclub in West Warwick, R.I. Friday, Feb. 21, 2003. Those compiling reports during civil and criminal litigation had limited access to evidence and interviews. Firefighters carry the body of a fire victim from the charred wreckage of The Station nightclub in West Warwick, R.I., Friday, Feb. 21, 2003. A group of people share embraces while standing in front of the wreckage of The Station nightclub in West Warwick, R.I., Sunday, Feb. 23, 2003 where at least 96 concertgoers died in a fire Thursday night. . In this Feb. 20, 2003 aerial file photo, authorities continue their work at The Station nightclub where more than 100 people died in a late night fire, in West Warwick, R.I. A fire that swept through a crowded nightclub in southern Brazil early Sunday, Jan. 27, 2013, and killed more than 230 people appears to be the deadliest in more a decade. Of the approximately 439 people inside The Station at the time of the blaze, 96 people died at the scene, and 4 more died in hospitals during the following weeks. But has prevention actually improved? According to the incident National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) report, a set of multi-colored lights were activated, and four pyrotechnic devices called gerbs, which project sparks vertically, were ignited to begin the show. The Derderians are on a 'white-wash tour' in 2021 about The Station fire, says father who lost son: Over the yearsDave Kanehas had to find a place to storehisoutrage overlosing his18-year-oldson, Nicholas, in The Station nightclub firein 2003. Patrons self-evacuated and were assisted out by police and surviving patrons prior to Engine 4's arrival. The figure concurs with the 2003 fire chief's estimate of 100 people rescued, mostly through side A. Hopkins Hill Rescue 6, positioning at the A/D corner on Cowesett Road, was surrounded by burn victims seeking assistance. Jody King:. Smoke and flames poured from the structure with occupants fleeing from doors and windows; most burned some were on fire. The Station owners, brothers Michael and Jeffrey Derderian, changed their original plea of not guilty to no contest, effectively avoiding a jury trial. The plea agreement meant Judge Francis J. Darigan Jr. could sentence Biechele to a maximum of ten years imprisonment or as little as probation with community service. 25 seconds: The flames start spreading to the ceiling. An acoustic guitar, in memory of the 98 fire victims, is left at the memorial fence enclosing the wreckage of The Station nightclub in West Warwick, R.I., Tuesday, March 4, 2003. The building was a wood-frame construction with wooden shingles . A passerby stops to talk to a police officer at the site of The Station nightclub in West Warwick, R.I., Saturday, Feb. 22, 2003. People come here to cry. What band was playing at The Station and what their role was, Why it's important to Rhode Island and the lasting changes that were made, What to know about the Station Fire Memorial Park, Firemen, doctors and journalists: For everyone who was involved that night, the memories still haunt them, Survivors of that deadly fire tell their tale. Only one deceased, with compression injuries only, did not suffer inhalation or burns. Piedmont Street was a narrow cobblestoned street (now paved) located near the Park Square theater district, running from Arlington Street to Broadway. I can only pray that they understand that I would do anything to undo what happened that night and give them back their loved ones. An MCI trailer did respond from the state airport. Enter https://www.firerescue1.com/ and click OK. Brazil nightclub fire: Four convicted over blaze that killed 242 11 December 2021 AFP A banner displaying the photos of the 242 people who died was hung in Porto Alegre A Brazilian court has. to all who lost their lives.Lamont's channel - https://www.youtube.com/c/LamontAtLargeMy T-Shirts \u0026 Sweatshirts available here - https://shop.spreadshirt.com/mobileinstinct/ More videos and extra footage on Patreon - https://www.patreon.com/mobileinstinctIf you want to help with future videos - https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/mobileinstinctAll of my videos are organized by state on my website https://www.TheMobileInstinct.com More videos on My Second Channel - https://www.youtube.com/mobileinstinct2INSTAGRAM - https://www.instagram.com/mobileinstinct FACEBOOK page - https://www.facebook.com/mobileinstinct*CHECK OUT these cool videos! 2023 NYP Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved, The deadliest mass shootings in US history, Suspected Pulse nightclub memorial vandal arrested, Vandal in wheelchair sets fire to Pulse nightclub memorial, What timing! Jury selection begins Tuesday, Sept. 5, 2006, for a trial that could last several months. All three reached plea deals, with the tour manager pleading guilty to 100 counts of manslaughter and the brothers pleading no contest. In 1946, brothers Casey and Henry Lada opened a gin mill at 211 Cowesett Ave. in West Warwick, R.I., called The Wheel. From the air the burned out remains of The Station nightclub where atleast 60 people died in a late night fire on Thursday, Feb. 20, 2003 in West Warwick, R.I., is seen in the center top, Friday, Feb. 21, 2003. At 2337, command radioed triage that people were still being pulled out from side A. Officials stand by the front entrance of the club. On February 20, 2003, in West Warwick, Rhode Island, the fourth deadliest nightclub fire in United States history occurred in The Station nightclub. Everything went black': For reporters, tragedy, disaster and sorrow come with the territory. The hot ash fell onto the stage and. local Four nonstop. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) asserted a. They renamed the building The Station and maintained its use as a nightclub, with live music and events as the main attraction. The band halted. WFD Special Hazards assisted crews working on side A. 2023 Getty Images. The medical examiner's 2003 grand jury testimony, released in 2007, revealed autopsy results for 98 victims. Their decisions and their rights to privacy are respected. Within 19 seconds, the fire was progressing toward the ceiling, and smoke began to fill the building. Families of the killed and survivors sought for years to have the site of the horror turned into a permanent memorial. At 0037, incoming rescues were canceled; all living victims had been transported. The DHS report stated a cascading telephone call-back system was used. For example, in 2000, shortly after the Derderians purchased the venue, heavy-metal band W.A.S.P. Grow your brand authentically by sharing brand content with the internets creators. The state of Rhode Island and the town of West Warwick have each agreed to pay $10 million to those left behind after a nightclub fire that killed 100 people, according to court documents filed Monday, Aug. 18, 2008. Records indicate that in 1991, the building was turned into a nightclub. The photo was taken just moments prior to his death. The Providence Fire Department detailed several companies to assist at the morgue in Providence. Firefighter and RI state Rep. talks trauma. Similar circumstances led to the the 2003 West Warwick, R.I., fire, where pyrotechnics used as a stage prop by the 1980s rock band Great White set ablaze cheap soundproofing foam on the walls and ceiling of the music venue. A firefighter holds his hand to his forehead as he stands amidst the rubble at the scene of a deadly fire at The Station nightclub in West Warwick, R.I. Friday, Feb. 21, 2003. Chiefs from several departments made CISM participation mandatory. The 2003 nightclub fire in Rhode Island was the fourth deadliest nightclub fire in U.S. history. . Modify ASTM E-84, NFPA 255 and NFPA 286 to ensure that product classification and the pass/fail criteria for flame spread tests and large-scale tests use the best measurement and prediction practices available. I never wanted anyone to be hurt in any way. The civil suits that followed resulted in a recovery of $176 million for the victims and families affected by the fire. Dveloppez votre marque de manire authentique en partageant son contenu avec tous les crateurs Internet. Witnesses said a flare or firework lit by band members may have started the blaze. The. For more information, please see our A 2315 radio transmission from Engine 4 confirmed occupants inside the building. Grand jury transcripts indicate the U.S. Public Health Service Disaster Mortuary Response Team (DMORT) was requested to assist. Club owners open up for the first time after deadly fire kills 100. Two distinct triage areas emerged, one with Hopkins Hill Rescue 6 at the A/D corner and one at the CIR opposite the A/B corner. Sunday marks the 19th anniversary of The Station nightclub fire in West Warwick, Rhode Island, that killed 100 people. Consider these questions: "Fire is Everyones Fight," and we all share the responsibility for fire safety in our communities. Doomed fans stuck in the doorway of The Station nightclub fire in West Warwick, RI. She knew he was going to conduct the attack, federal prosecutor Roger Handberg said. She and Matt knew they were expecting a girl and they had already chosen her name. The DHS report stated the equivalent of a four-alarm structural assignment responded to the scene, for West Warwick station coverage and manpower relief. Bandra Station Fire: Major Fire Broke Out Outside A Mumbai Suburban Railway Station. For annual late-night Station remembrance, memorial a peaceful, meaningful addition: Station fire memorial nearing completion: Hundreds witness groundbreaking for Station fire memorial: Medical teams met the challenge; everyone who got out survived that night: In firefighters' hearts, the disaster isn't over: Quiet, emotional end for Station fire remnants: RI Hospital specialists, Station fire victims reflect after a decade since deadly blaze: Station fire, 15 years later: Survivors tell their stories: Station nightclub fire survivor tells burn victims love can happen amid scars, fears: Son of Great White guitarist cheers sick children to honor his dad: Gina Russo says she emerged from the flames in a better place: Fused by pain, Station fire survivors, loved ones mark 18th anniversary: Your California Privacy Rights/Privacy Policy. Station Nightclub Fire Photos and Premium High Res Pictures - Getty Images CREATIVE Collections Project #ShowUs Creative Insights EDITORIAL VIDEO BBC Motion Gallery NBC News Archives BLOG BROWSE PRICING ENTERPRISE VisualGPS INSIGHTS BOARDS BASKET SIGN IN New Zealand CONTENT He lost his fingers and ears as well as the sight in his left eye, along with much of his nose tissue. The emotional impact on the responding firefighters continues. Multiple fireground and INTERCITY radio transmissions requesting all available rescues and all available manpower may have resulted in assets self-deploying. But there is more to be done. Conduct research to better understand human behavior in emergency situations and to predict the impact of building design on safe egress in fires and other emergencies. Glen Barber is a former digital photo editor for The Denver Post, PHOTOS: On this day February 20, 2003 The, Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Get to know all 17 Denver mayor candidates , PHOTOS: On this day February 20, 2003 The Station nightclub fire kills 100 in Rhode Island, Colorado property owners to face astronomical tax increases next year, After School Satan Club launching first Colorado chapter, but organizer promises "we are not devil worshippers", PHOTOS: Bruce Springsteen and The E Street Band play Ball Arena in Denver, Colorado landlords say eviction-protection proposal could make dropping problem renters too hard, 5 can't-miss menus for Denver Restaurant Week, No more greasy pizza boxes, paper towels or takeout containers in Front Range compost bins come April 1, Boulder house where JonBenet Ramsey was found dead listed for sale for almost $7M, After teen's death, Denver East High students walk out to advocate for gun legislation, Kiszla: With Brendan Rodgers down and out, Kris Bryant could become $182 million face of worst team in Rockies history, Metro Denver housing market crosses firmly into negative territory in February, As Adderall shortage continues, DEA plans to limit some telemedicine prescriptions, House where JonBenet Ramsey was found dead listed for sale for almost $7M, Columbia University permanently drops SAT, ACT admissions requirement, The Waterbed Doctor: California retailer lays claim to retro bed with nearly 40 years of service, sales, Felonious Florida podcast: Missing teenage girl leads to several cases of child sex trafficking, Do Not Sell/Share My Personal Information. One hundred people died and more than 200 were injured. The fire chief was the only West Warwick firefighter allowed to be interviewed for the NIST and DHS reports. The scene firefighters faced is addressed. The professional association representing West Warwick firefighters was offered the opportunity to comment for this article, but declined to respond. In the stampede, 21 people were killed. According to ABC News, though, several hundred people in the Chinese city of Luoyang decided to cut loose on Christmas night 2000 by heading to a nightclub housed on the fourth floor of a multi-use industrial building.A fire broke out in the basement of the structure . As the. In 1972, a fire caused the building to close its doors until 1974, when it reopened as a restaurant. Biechele flipped a switch that caused lead singer Blackie Lawlesss crotch to erupt with showering sparks. Abb Takk. Cameraman Brian Butler was at The Station on February 23, 2003. Firefighters remove a body covered in a white sheet from the smoldering rubble of a deadly fire at The Station nightclub in West Warwick, R.I. Friday, Feb. 21, 2003. On Feb. 20, 2003, the nation's fourth-deadliest nightclub fire occurred in the Town of West Warwick, RI, killing 100 people and injuring nearly 300. When one Warwick police sergeant, a trained fire investigator, approached the fire building, he stated it was fully involved; heavy black smoke and flames were coming from various points; screams could be heard from people trapped inside, and firefighters were pulling people from the fire and making suppression efforts. Survivor Russo experienced sympathy for Biechele whom she called broken but noted that, although he was anguished, any sympathy survivors had was tempered by our own pain. Her fianc, Alfred Crisostomi, had died in the fire and she had suffered burns over 40% of her body. White reminded the judge that Biechele had not gotten the legally required permit to light pyrotechnics. The fire was started by pyrotechnics going off on the stage while the band Great White performed. RI Hospital specialists, Station fire victims reflect after a decade since deadly blaze: What happened that evening and for the ensuing four weeks was unprecedented in our hospital, said Dr. David T. Harrington. The fire department implemented its mass casualty incident (MCI) plan within 10 minutes of arriving and activated its mutual-aid task force response. Survivors and friends of survivors active in the effort to turn the nightclub site in West Warwick into a memorial park recount the emotional journeys that brought them from 2003 to 2018. At about 11:00 p.m., headlining band Great White began the song Desert Moon and tour manager Daniel Biechele flipped the switch to pyrotechnics, producing sparks. The Station nightclub on Cowesett Avenue and Kulas Road in West Warwick, Rhode Island, caught fire as the band Great White shot off pyrotechnics to punctuate its entrance on stage. This article is prepared from police reports, evidentiary material released by the Rhode Island State Attorney General (RISAG), communications with several mutual aid responders, Rhode Island Department of Health library reference material, published media articles (especially investigative reporting by the Providence Journal) and two major technical reports The Station Club Fire After-Action Report, October 2004, by the Office of Domestic Preparedness of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the June 2005 Final Report of the National Construction Safety Team Investigation by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), U.S. Department of Commerce.
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