Martina: Slowly, Mara Lejrragas contributions to politics, and her husbands work, began to fade in Spain as the government censored any material that went against its cultural and political agenda. But soon after they started, their car lot was robbed. In which US region is German being learned by the highest proportion of users? Which state has the highest proportion of Spanish speakers learning English? Por esta razn, nunca supe nada sobre las quinceaeras de las nias que conoc en Ecuador. She even became a government representative for Spains Socialist Party. In contrast, the states with the highest proportions of users learning English from Spanish are more spread out, with the top states being Florida (24.7% of users), New Jersey (22.9%), Nevada (22%) and Texas (18.5%). No era una autora reconocida de esa poca. In the United States, Spanish is the most commonly spoken language. Haca varios aos que Gregorio viva con una actriz de su compaa aunque l y Mara seguan escribiendo juntos. Most of Duolingos material is available, but this version is definitely more limited than the subscription version. It may be surprising, but only about 10% of Indias population speaks English well. Why is Swedish the top language in Sweden? Its the top language in Namibia, where it is studied by nearly a third of Duolingo users. The Duolingo Spanish podcast is produced by Duolingo and Adonde Media. MIAMI, United States. She told people to dress up in whatever made them feel the most special, or whatever they would have wanted to wear at their homecoming or prom in high school. . Francis: Juan Jos me ayud a ver que, en vez de intentar ayudar a mi mam a comprender mi identidad, en realidad, yo tena que pensar en m. And they're done so incredibly well, they're really easy to follow along with but they still challenge you to pause and want to look up a word. She makes her way to the front of the crowd, microphone in hand. Francis: De vez en cuando, mis padres me decan: Este collar es para tu quinceaera. Te lo vamos a dar cuando te conviertas en mujer. And if you do have a Spanish keyboard downloaded to your phone, it makes auto-suggestions that can give away the answers. They decided to investigate further. If you dont like to compare yourself to others and want a more independent language learning journey, I recommend ignoring the profile and leaderboard tabs or using a different app altogether to avoid the competitive nature of the app. He was a respected writer, poet, and theatre director in 1920s and 1930s Spain. Tambin me record que no estaba sola porque mis amigos estaban ah para ayudarme. Francis confided this to a good friend, Juan Jos, and he helped her see things in a different way. Francis: Por esa razn, decidimos emigrar de Ecuador e ir a los Estados Unidos. Juan: Tuvimos que descubrir la verdad sobre Mara Lejrraga. Some Spanish linguists believe that the sound of the word pastry should be similar to the sound of the English word butter. Four of the top six languages people want to learn have seen a 20% increase in search traffic in the weeks since the national lockdown. Lemos los pocos libros que encontramos, no eran muchos. On the other hand, someone who is learning Spanish via Duolingo in Spain is more likely to be using a dialect of Spanish that is more commonly spoken in Spain. Last, an ingenious feature during the lessons is the ability to leave public comments on activities. Franciss family were threatened, or amenazados several times, including once when Francis herself was almost kidnapped. The Stories tab offers cute short stories in Spanish and reads the story to you, Last, an ingenious feature during the lessons is the ability to, The first major downside to the Duolingo Spanish program is that there is, Lastly, a major negative to Duolingo is the. In Argentina, the second most popular language is actually Italian. Isabels novel, based on Mara Lejrragas life, is called Luz ajena: El enigma de Mara Lejrraga. I also enjoy going to concerts, and I am musically inclined. In fact, German is very popular in the whole region of the Balkans, which is geographically very close to German-speaking countries: Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. I think it was wonderful. The data covers all 194 countries. You can ask questions about that particular activity and look at past conversations from the Duolingo community. Based on data from Duolingo, the 2020 Duolingo Language Report: Trends in the United States includes information about people who have studied a language on the app. Ella era contadora en Ecuador, pero en Estados Unidos no poda trabajar en su profesin porque no hablaba ingls. Juan: Cuando Gregorio muri en 1947, Mara intent publicar sus obras completas con el nombre de los dos, Mara y Gregorio, pero no fue posible, y, por esta razn, no recibi el reconocimiento que mereca. I agree that its a useful tool, but after using it myself (pro verson) for three months, while living in Spain, I would not recommend it for European Spanish. All Rights Reserved. But once again, the norms of Spanish society conspired to keep her memoir out of the public eye Juan: Sus memorias se publicaron en Mxico en 1953. Duolingos English Test score can be accepted at the University of Chicago. Duolingo acts like a videogame in that if you make a mistake, you lose a heart and if you run out of hearts you lose and have to wait for the hearts to recharge. December 19, 2021 Danielconcasco Mod Plus Remember everyone, this is a place to ask or answer questions about the exercise itself. The Stories tab offers cute short stories in Spanish and reads the story to you piece by piece. Martina: Francis remembered her dad specifically telling her about a necklace he planned to give her at her party, when she became a woman, or al convertirse en mujer. Francis: Yo soy feminista y, honestamente, no estoy de acuerdo con algunas de las tradiciones de las quinceaeras. Celebr con unas amigas e hicimos una pijamada. They do not offer this information readily on their website. Which state has the highest proportion of users learning languages with Duolingo? Whos learning to talk to their neighbors? In the 19th and 20th centuries, large waves of immigrants flowed from Italy to Argentina. If you are truly a beginner and want to start learning Spanish, I recommend Rosetta Stone, Lingodeer, or another program that takes more time to teach you versus test you. It's optional in Spanish, but the the is required in English. Martina: The crowd goes quiet. And every one of them is so heartfelt and beautiful. You earn XP (experience points) and money which they call lingots and gems for each lesson that you pass, as well as crowns and achievements. Would love your thoughts, please comment. Duolingos Swedish course turns out to top the charts in Sweden itself: 27% of all users in Sweden are learning Swedish. The company is not direct when it comes to price. From the makers of Duolingo, the most popular language-learning app, comes a new podcast that delivers fascinating real-life stories in easy-to-understand Spanish with English narration. Gracias por escuchar! Yet, the knowledge of the language is limited among the natives: half of the population in Mozambique and 40% of the population in Angola dont actually speak Portuguese. This can be a problem if you do not have a Spanish keyboard and cant type accent marks. Iulia encouraged Francis to do it and promised she would help organize the party. Martina: As Francis grew to understand her queer identity, she took it slow coming out to those around her. My name is Kirsten and I am a Spanish teacher in the United States that has taught Spanish to all ages and language levels. Francis remembered once they had to squeeze into a small hotel room at a Days Inn. They are tired in Spanish Duolingo. There is also an advertisement after the completion of each lesson and the exit button is hard to see. Of new. Su silencio fue difcil para m. Martina: According to Mara, a book called Letters to the Women of Spain, had been credited to Gregorio when she was the one who wrote it. To be frank, its misleading. Immigration to Sweden has been skyrocketing in recent years: one in six Swedish residents in 2015 was born outside of Sweden. that you can view before starting the activities, and calling them. Martina: An example of Gregorios groundbreaking representations of women is a play he published in 1911, called Primavera en Otoo, or Spring in the Fall. LingoDeer User Norbi on Learning Japanese. However, after doing some research, Duolingo Plus actually costs $12.99 per month, with a discount if you pay for a year ($79.99) or half a year ($47.99) upfront. This did not last long. In Hawaii, Duolingo found residents looked to learn the Hawaiian language this year, the second most sought-after option people there studied. French is spoken mostly in the region of Qubec, where over half of the population speaks exclusively French, and the rest is mostly bilingual in English and French. Isabel: Cancin de cuna habla de un grupo de religiosas que encuentran a una beb abandonada en su convento. Grammar instruction should be viewed as a secondary concern (because the focus should be on vocabulary. In the US, Spanish comes out on top as the most studied language in all 50 states and Washington, D.C., though English is the top language studied among Duolingo learners in Puerto Rico. Francis: Iulia me dijo que tena que hacer lo que yo quera. Martina: A few of Gregorios plays, like Cancin de Cuna, or The Cradle Song, became so popular that they were even adapted into film. As it turns out, Germany and Iran have invested in scientific and academic relations, and many Iranian scientists have been trained at German institutions. 1. March 4, 2023 by archyde. Im not a huge fan of this method, especially since you only have 5 hearts and therefore only 5 mistakes allowed. Latin American countries are fairly consistent in their language preferences: The top language is English, followed by Spanish in Portuguese-speaking Brazil and either French or Portuguese in Spanish-speaking countries. Later, when the Spanish colonized the Americas, it evolved to include Catholic elements and a religious ceremony. Isabel: Nada de eso fue una sorpresa para m porque en ese tiempo se esperaba muy poco de las mujeres. You can find the audio and a transcript of each episode at podcast.duolingo.com. They are more like an interactive quiz on the material that you havent learned yet, and the quiz teaches you as you go. You can also follow your friends and keep each other on track! Martina: But Gregorios theatre wasnt just turning heads because of its high-profile collaborators. Click here for pictures of the artwork mentioned in this episode. How to apply for the H-2B visa to work in the US 2:19. is a question that many people ask when they see someone who is learning Spanish via the popular language-learning program. That experience made Francis excited to leave Ecuador. English also emerges as the most popular when aggregating across all countries: its studied by 53% of all Duolingo users. Just like the neverending soda vs. pop debate, the preferences for which languages we learn (and how dedicated we are to learning them) can say a lot about regional and interstate differences in the US. Martina: She also consulted with her mom on the phone. Juan: Sus memorias se publicaron en Mxico en 1953. because of all of the categories, but the general effect is that. There are no Spanish verbs that can be conjugationd using Duolingos Spanish verbs. Martina: Welcome, le damos la bienvenida al Duolingo Spanish Podcast. But she was actually one of thousands of children airlifted to the United States during the Cuban . Lets get started! Some of the activities have fun animated characters too! Hay quince velas, una para cada persona que te ayud a crecer y a convertirte en la mujer que eres. But why Utah? Francis: Las personas reaccionan de manera diferente a los cambios. Bye. If you wish to learn Spanish, you can also try the LingoDeer app, a better alternative to Duolingo with both Spanish (Spain) and Latin American Spanish courses. Which state has the highest proportion of people who use the app an average of 120 or more days in a row. Juan: Era la primera vez que una calle en Espaa tena su nombre. This episode was produced by Duolingo and Adonde Media. Lo descubr despus, cuando tena veinticinco aos. If you liked this story, please share it! Confident in your answers? Hola, me llamo is the second expression. Yo era una nia durante la dictadura de Franco, cuando las mujeres todava no tenan voz. Rosetta Stones award-winning mobile app will help you learn the foundations of Spanish and develop vocabulary. The Spanish communist Ana Hurtado, spokesperson for the Cuban regime in the Iberian Peninsula, announced that she would go to live in Cuba for several months to carry out "a documentary project.". In the 1920s and 30s, Mara got involved in leftist and feminist politics. The concept is simple: if you meet your daily goal on Duolingo for 2 days in a row, you have a 2-day streak. Conversely, some of the states that have the highest number of language learners including Florida, New Jersey, and Texas arent so great at making language-learning a daily habit. When the Spanish Civil War started in 1936, it changed her life forever. 5. They are American. Juan: La presidenta del Ateneo dijo que probablemente ya habamos ledo muchos textos de Mara, pero con otro nombre. (While initially puzzling, it turns out that the strong influx of immigration to Sweden in recent years is the likely reason for this.). Hawaii is the only state where Japanese is the second most popular language being learned (see Figure 2). Martina: The evening was complete with a personalized playlist, a signature drink, and Francis favorite tiramisu cake. So the cultural center assumed he would have plenty to say about the subject of the upcoming exhibit, a woman by the name Mara Lejrraga. She thinks its important that people outside of academic circles know about Mara Lejrraga. Listen free on Apple Podcasts or wherever you listen to podcasts. If you have some Spanish experience, you will have to test out of lessons which cost gems (points that you earn by using the app) so you cant go immediately to the lessons that are appropriate for your level. half of the users in 94 countries. We also offer full transcripts at podcast.duolingo.com. How to Ace JLPT (the Japanese Language Proficiency Test), Hangul 101: A Super Easy Guide to the Korean Alphabet, Dive Deep into the Korean Language: From Origins to Learning Strategies, 15 Best Websites to Learn Japanese in 2023. This is true even for English-speaking nations, such as the United States well come back to this finding later on![2]. Cuando pienso en mi pasado, ahora entiendo que siempre fui queer, pero yo no conoca ese concepto cuando era nia. In short, the answer to the question of whether or not someone is American in Spanish Duolingo depends on a number of factors. The Grammatical Rules and Concept are clearly explained in the order in which they are most useful. According to the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) page, there are more than 20 types of work visas, including visas for investors, agricultural workers, athletes, religious or those in which you need a sponsor. Duolingos Spanish program does not feel as developed as others (in my experience). This time, I am going to giveDuolingo Spanish Review and evaluating its language teaching approach, app format, and more so that aspiring Spanish speakers can choose the right programs and resources for them. Isabel: Mara nunca quiso regresar a Espaa durante la dictadura de Franco y permaneci en el exilio hasta su muerte en 1974. . Francis: Me senta muy emocionada por estar con mis amigos, pero tambin estaba nerviosa porque ellos no saban qu iba a hacer con mi ltima vela. The storyteller will be using intermediate Spanish and Ill be chiming in for context in English. Sin embargo, la idea de tener una doble quinceaera me encant. Francis: Para seguir un poco la tradicin de la fiesta rosada, me compr una falda rosada. The move was harder on her parents. I dont want to be in leagues, The article is wrong. Martina: Now that they had evidence that Maria Lejarraga was responsible for writing many of her husband's published works, Juan and Isabel decided to do something about it. Francis: Poco tiempo despus de que comenc a explorar mi identidad, viaj a Costa Rica por un programa de estudio. Yvonne Okafor is an Investment professional passionate about development and community in and around Africa. Martina: Juan and Isabel were stunned. While most users are based in the United States, there are also a significant number of users in other countries, such as Spain, Mexico, and Argentina. 2023 I love Languages. Figure 3 provides an illustration: Isabel: Yo tambin enseo sobre los grandes autores del siglo XX de Espaa, pero el nombre de Mara Lejrraga no me deca nada. Nosotros vivamos en una parte del pas donde la comunidad latina no era muy grande. Again. languages on Duolingo: English, French, or Spanish. Miss a day? Mi familia era de clase media alta y tuve la oportunidad, o mejor dicho, el privilegio, de recibir una excelente educacin. Language can teach us life lessons in a variety of ways, and these are not language lessons. Martina: Francis was so happy to finally have a coming-of-age party that honored who she wasin her entirety. This was a government founded on traditional Catholic Spanish gender norms, and anyone who contradicted that was seen as a danger to national security. But once again, the norms of Spanish society conspired to keep her memoir out of the public eye. Duolingo has 5 tabs at the bottom of the screen; Lessons, Stories, Profile, Leaderboard, and Shop. To join, download the app today, or find out more at duolingo.com. Below are a few examples from different parts of the world. That being said, the answer to the question of whether or not someone is American in Spanish Duolingo likely depends on which dialect of Spanish they are learning. Or is it because most Canadians truly want to learn their other official language? Martina: The couple asked the curator for more details. After Utah, the next top states for proportion of language learners are California (6.39%), Colorado (6.1%), New Jersey (5.96%), Florida (5.67%), New York (5.66%), Maryland (5.62%), Massachusetts (5.55%), Texas (5.5%) and Oregon (5.41%). One of the main draws to Duolingo Plus, aka the paid version, is that it has no ads. Martina: This was all happening at a time when Madrid was a major European theatre hubthe epicentre of show biz, before film took hold as the most popular medium of mass entertainment. Francis: Recuerdo que mis paps me dijeron: Cuando tengas quince aos, te vamos a hacer una fiesta y te vas a ver bien bonita. Martina: Together, Juan and Isabel began searching for answers. Martina: It was around this time in 2019, that the double quinceaera trend was becoming more popular. nay. In her spare time she drums with the band Batal Washington and consumes as much sci-fi and fantasy as possible. If you have any previous Spanish experience, it will be a helpful quiz to keep you on track and using Spanish every day. French also has a bit of an unfair advantage in that its available on Duolingo from two more languages than Spanish is. Duolingo runs like a game where you earn points and lose lives, and you are ranked alongside fellow players around the world. German happens to be most popular in the Northwestern US, with the top states being South Dakota (13.6%), North Dakota (13.4%), Alaska (12.6%), and Montana (12.3%). You have unlimited hearts on duolingo for free if you use it through web browser. To Isabel, this was not surprising. The family also faced economic hardships. Si eras mujer y tenas un trabajo, lo ms probable era que trabajaras en casa de una familia, o en la agricultura, o en una fbrica. Martina: As Mara was forgotten, or olvidada, Gregorios plays became less daring and controversial. In addition, Duolingo Plus allows you to download lessons to do offline, offers progress quizzes, unlimited skill test-outs so that you can skip lessons that teach material that you have already mastered, and unlimited hearts (so no fear of making mistakes). If youre having trouble finding answers to a language-related question, start by looking through the hundreds of thousands of previous questions. When you use Rosetta Stone, you will learn the language, not just the words. Ooh la la and mamma mia: French and Italian are both especially popular languages in the Northeast. Martina: For Juan and Isabel, republishing Mara Lejrragas work under her own name and writing books about her is something that can be of value to the entire country. Isabel has also written a novel aimed at the general public, based on Maras life. She decided she did want some recognition, or reconocimiento, for her work. Martina: On a January morning in 1994, Juan Aguilera Sastre received a phone call from the president of a cultural centre called the Ateneo Riojano. She decided she did want some recognition, or reconocimiento, for her work. In analyzing the language-learning habits of our users in the US, we found interesting variations on states and regions foreign language preferences, how dedicated users in different states are to making language learning a daily habit, and more. l estaba muy desilusionado con la situacin en nuestro pas. La obra tuvo tanto xito que la adaptaron al ingls en Hollywood y se estren en espaol en Argentina. There are currently almost 4,000 Indonesian students in Germany an over 30% increase in the past four years. Por esa razn, mis padres no se sentan seguros en Ecuador. Dont forget to say your name and where youre from! Even former president of Indonesia, B.J. Martina: Isabel and Juan knew a lot about Gregorio Martnez Sierra. Most importantly, it depends on which dialect of Spanish they are learning. German is also the second most popular language in Iran and Indonesia. Luckily, Duolingo can help! Francis: Ese da sent el amor y el apoyo de mi comunidad en Washington D.C. Mi parte favorita de la noche fue cuando nos tomamos fotos con todos mis amigos. I'm going on a trip to France, but the only thing I know how to say in French is "I am from the United States."Voy de vacaciones a Francia, pero lo nico que s decir en francs es "Soy de los Estados Unidos." Martina: For Francis and her sister, the initial transition went smoothly. You can write us an email at [email protected] and call and leave us a voicemail or audio message on WhatsApp, at +1-703-953-93-69. Estoy orgullosa de ella! Y si era ella la verdadera autora de las obras ms transgresoras de Gregorio? How do you say America in French? Duolingo not only helps immigrants, but also assists locals in learning an official language of their own country. Now, theyre more of a way for family and friends to gather and celebrate a teenager's growth. Si no haba fiesta, no tenamos que gastar todo ese dinero. Fascinating stories in easy-to-understand Spanish, Narrators & Protagonists: Juan Aguilera Sastre and Isabel Lizarraga Vizcarra, Sound Design & Mastering Engineer: Antonio Romero, Episode 93: The Secret Life of Mara Lejrraga - Art Mysteries, Episode 5. Before we get into the results, lets see if you can guess the following. . When it comes to regional language-learning trends, our analysis showed some clear patterns: While Spanish is the most common language being learned in all 50 states, it is especially popular among users in the South: Mississippi, Arkansas, Kentucky, and Louisiana have the highest proportions of Spanish language learners. dihd. I am very proud of my name and I love to speak both Spanish and English. This episode was produced by Duolingo and Adonde Media. But, for her 30th birthday, she decided to host the quinceaera she never had and shared an important announcement with her community. They are activities on material that the app has not taught and you are expected to learn as you go, which is hard because the app only allows you to make 5 mistakes total. Esa fue la oportunidad perfecta para celebrar quien soy y darles las gracias a las personas que considero importantes en mi vida. Are you living in the US and learning a language? Along the way, she found herself thinking about her identity. Her dad worked for a technology company and her mom was an accountant. In the end, Francis even wore pink and a crown, or corona, but put her own twist on it. Se consideraba una frivolidad y Mara no quera vivir esa situacin. Learn vocabulary in an order that is familiar to you so you can understand how to communicate effectively in Spanish. phrase. I would point out that its Castilian Spanish, by the way, since Catalan is also offered by the app. But just how dominant is English? Interestingly, Mississippi also ranks last in terms of States access to the Internet. Gracias por escuchar! In other regions, the situation may be even more dire. You can write us an email at [email protected] and call and leave us a voicemail or audio message on WhatsApp, at +1-703-953-93-69. German is also popular in somewhat unexpected places. 11% of Duolingo users in Argentina are learning Italian over twice as many as those in neighboring countries (although Uruguay came close). And they discovered the police were involved. Isabel: Cuando comenz la Guerra Civil, Mara estuvo en peligro y tuvo que exiliarse. Creo que es porque ahora soy ms introspectiva y me conozco mejor. They were still new to Florida, with little family and no Ecuadorian community nearby. She called her in Florida. Martina: Girls at Francis school in the U.S. celebrated their teenage birthdays in other ways with cake, ice cream, and sleepovers, or pijamadas. Por esa razn, despus de aquella reaccin tan negativa, ella decidi no poner su nombre en ningn otro libro. Juan: Recibi muchas crticas positivas y tuvo mucho xito con el pblico. Im not a huge fan of this method, especially since you only have 5 hearts and therefore only 5 mistakes allowed. Today, up to about 63% of the population has some degree of Italian descent. Ellas tenan que limitarse a ser amas de casa y madres de familia. Francis: Mi mam es una persona inteligente y quera trabajar. Isabel: En ese entonces, las mujeres tenan poca independencia y vivan sometidas. She was born in 1874 in the region of La Rioja, the same area where the cultural center Ateneo Riojano is located and where Juan and Isabel live. Who needs help with their countrys official language? One hypothesis is that as the state where the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is headquartered, Utah has a high number of people learning languages as they prepare to take international mission trips. Martina: Mara Lejrragas nieces met with Juan and Isabel and told them that Mara never had children. It was a coming of age ritual to mark a girl's transition into womanhood. Martina: Traditionally, quinceaeras are family parties, with aunts, uncles, and cousins in attendance. Martina: Mara Lejrraga was fortunate enough to get an education. Por qu iban a dedicarle un homenaje? Now, what about the states with the lowest proportion of language learners? They asked at the Ateneo Riojano, which seemed like a good place to start. This was extremely rare for the time, when literacy rates for women in Spain were only around 10%. Its better to use Duolingo if you have some prior knowledge of Spanish because it doesnt always explicitly teach Spanish vocabulary and grammar. Spanish has been spoken in the United States for hundreds of years. She was determined to continue publishingand as Juan and Isabel learned from her letters, she would write a lot more than just that one book from 1899. Francis smiles and takes a deep breath Shes about to share a big announcement with her friends. Martina: The tradition of the quinceaera is believed to have started in 500 CE as an Aztec custom. Francis: No conoca bien las costumbres de una quinceaera porque nunca fui a ninguna de esas fiestas en Ecuador. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. She had grown up during Francos dictatorship, so she knew first-hand what it was like for womens voices to be completely silenced. For some activities, you are prompted to type in Spanish. Activities are fun and the interface is light with colorful animations. The first question is How is Cmo te Llamas? You can approach a stranger in this manner as if youre more acquainted with them. If youre taking a class, it could act as a supplementary resource and a way to keep you on track and using Spanish every day, or you can use it to maintain your Spanish skills in between classes. I was fascinated to go on the journey with her, how she had her two passions and she united them and made financialyou know, a life out of it. Martina: The group cheered. Lo ms importante de la doble quinceaera es que cada persona puede adaptar la tradicin a su manera. You can find the audio and a transcript of each episode at podcast.duolingo.com. Francis felt like this traditional kind of party didnt fit her new life. Juan: Entre los documentos ms importantes que tenan haba varias cartas escritas por Mara Lejrraga. Martina: The more Isabel and Juan thought about Gregorios transgressive workthe more it seemed possible that it was indeed his wife, Mara Lejrraga, who had written the more feminist parts of it. Francis: Todas las relaciones pasan por momentos difciles y la de mis padres no fue la excepcin. Duo lingo also only offers a US English interface, so people who speak other forms of English may be confused by some things (a Brit would never ask for the check, for example, though there are many other examples which kind of jar when I am learning since its not my native dialect of English). In the Estados Unidos Wikipedia article (which is probably a patchwork of different authors and styles) it appears that "los" is omitted most of the time, though, as you say, not always.In the Cold War section, it says "En la Guerra Fra, Estados Unidos y la Unin Sovitica compitieron."That really emphasizes that the article is omitted for .